Diet is the most important part of gastritis treatment.Based on some of the symptoms of the disease, for example, the acidity of the stomach, as well as the presence of erosions, atrophy and others, the diet can vary in terms of what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, regularly drinks alcohol, smokes and is exposed to frequent severe stress, then he will inevitably develop a pathology such as gastritis.This is a disease that leads to inflammation of the stomach lining, causing its integrity to be compromised.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, the main of which are acute pains in the upper part of the abdomen.In addition, bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting occur, appetite decreases or disappears altogether, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis comes in different forms, including those that can be caused by an infectious environment, but in any case, effective treatment requires a healthy diet.You should not only change your diet, decide what you can eat and what not, but also change the principles of nutrition itself, make it organized with a stable menu for the whole week and divide the entire amount of food into 5-6 meals.During an exacerbation, the diet should be tightened;in addition, there are some nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is possible and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main difference between diets is determined by acidity.Which indicator is determined for a particular patient during diagnosis before treatment.
Increased acidity
With increased acidity, which occurs most often, you need to follow three basic rules:
- Mechanical.It defines a ban on fried foods;in addition, coarse fibers are not allowed, such as loaves of bread, rutabaga, beets and strips of meat.
- Chemical.It states that you need to avoid foods that promote the secretion of hydrochloric acid needed for the digestive process, for example soda, alcohol and citrus fruits.In addition, there is an unmixed rich broth based on meat and fish.
- Thermal flow.It involves eating food that has an optimal temperature, which is usually between 16-55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hotter or colder, gastritis causes irritation in the esophagus, which leads to longer absorption of food and therefore more stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is characterized as acidic, then low-fat types of fish and meat, fermented dairy products, eggs, which can be served as an omelette or soft-boiled, are suitable for nutrition.In addition, the diet can include peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes and so on.
Low acidity
A diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote a greater release of enzymes that ensure digestion.To do this, it is also important to standardize the procedure of eating food.This must be done slowly;it is important to spend at least half a minute chewing one portion of food and the eating process should take at least half an hour.Significantly improves hydrochloric acid secretion by drinking slightly carbonated mineral water;you should drink 200 ml of this water every time before a meal.Various fruits and vegetables are allowed, which must be eaten immediately after finishing a meal, since snacks are not allowed in the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen light, based on the principle of the absence of hard fibers.To further facilitate the digestion process, it is better to peel the fruit in advance and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has several advantages over high acidity.Small amounts of chocolate products, light soups and broths, and river fish, mushrooms, and lean meats, including rabbit and veal, are acceptable.Dairy products are allowed, but it is better to avoid milk itself.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with any acidity, you should not consume:
- Baking;
- Chocolate products;
- Fried, spicy food;
- Alcoholic beverages;
- Foods rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during an exacerbation - menu for the week
In the event of an aggravation, a compromise should be found and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and micronutrients, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucous membrane, which is so inflamed.In this situation, digestion needs to be helped as much as possible so that it happens very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all food as much as possible and only use boiling or steam for cooking.
It is important to make the combined menu not only balanced and gentle, but also to follow it strictly, eat food at a strictly defined time every day.The interval between doses should not be more than three hours, otherwise the stomach will empty and the aggravation will only intensify.It cannot be conveyed, as it is full of gastric stagnation.In the evening, you should eat no later than three to four hours before bed.
Strangely enough, during the period of exacerbation, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.However, the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you need to drink a lot of still water and weakly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.From the second day, liquid porridge and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.In addition, boiled eggs and non-condensed soup with grated vegetables will be useful.When gastritis worsens, foods rich in fat should be completely excluded from the diet, as their breakdown is very slow.
This week's menu
mon and wed:
- Breakfast with oatmeal and compote;
- Other times you can have breakfast with steamed cheesecakes;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, compote;
- Afternoon snack - biscuits with light tea;
- Dinner - a side dish of pasta with steamed lean meat cutlets, light tea.
Tues, Thurs, Sat:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecakes and compote;
- The second time you should have breakfast with one glass of jelly;
- You need to eat lunch with vegetable broth, steamed fish, carbonated mineral water;
- Afternoon snack is allowed with unsweetened light tea with white bread cakes;
- For dinner, cottage cheese casserole and compote.
Friday, Sun:
- You should eat breakfast with eggs boiled for 5-6 minutes, washed down with compote;
- For the second breakfast, eat cheesecakes with tea;
- Lunch of the vegetable stew, grated potato soup, jelly;
- Afternoon snack - a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should be boiled fish with porridge on the water.
Diet no.1 for gastritis
Diet no.1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, since the restoration of normal digestion and non-irritation of the gastric mucosa is very important in the case of gastritis or if a person has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the exacerbation phase of the disease ends.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, as its presence has a negative effect on the condition of the inner surface of the stomach;in addition, salt slows down the removal of water from the body.
Diet no.1 involves dividing the entire daily diet into five to six small portions.The total amount of calories consumed must not exceed 2000.
Among the main dishes that should be included in diet no.1 are:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Lean meat and fish without veins and other indigestible elements;
- Bread products should be consumed yesterday, dried and also in the form of biscuits.
In moderation, you can eat fermented milk products, for example, cottage cheese, yogurt, skim milk.
Do not consume on diet no.1:
- Rye bread;
- Soups based on mushrooms and meat - you have to give up okroshka, borscht, cabbage soup;
- Smoked products;
- Pickles;
- Fish and other canned food.
Diet for the wasting form
Gastritis is called erosive when the action of the disease causes stomach tissue, called ulcers.An ulcer is a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, including, for example, peritonitis, when a rupture of the wall gradually leads through a hole that leads to the entry of stomach contents into the abdominal cavity.This condition is fraught with death without urgent surgery.
Causes of erosions, along with the effects of Helicobacter Pylori infection, include exposure to chemicals or overly acidic gastric juices.Thus, it is very important to eat right with erosive gastritis to slow down and reverse the formation of ulcers.
Here are the principles on which the diet should be based if the patient has peptic ulcer disease:
- The food consumed should irritate the stomach wall as little as possible and prevent an increase in acidity;
- You need to eat liquid, warm, pureed food constantly.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Refusal of bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables should be cooked with heat treatment;
- The focus in food should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if a patient has atrophic gastritis
The degenerative form is relatively difficult to diagnose as there are no symptoms at the beginning of the pathology.Among the few symptoms of the disease, we can point out the presence of belching after fried and fatty food, which smells very unpleasant.In addition, the inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are a state of general weakness, brittle legs and hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis puts serious restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.In your diet you should avoid:
- Black bakery products, baked goods;
- Smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any form;
- Beans, beans;
- Canned food;
- Uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- Soft drinks, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other gastritis diets, during the atrophy stage, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.To make the food ready for consumption, you can boil, steam or bake
With atrophic gastritis, it is important to eat:
- Soups based on grated vegetables;
- Various porridges on water;
- Boiled lean meat, very finely chopped;
- Skim derivatives;
- Boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers;
- Heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to marmalade, jelly and mousse.